Today in 1936, U.S. patent No. 2,040,248 was issued to August Dvorak and William Dealey for their keyboard layout design, later to be commonly known as the Dvorak keyboard.  Wikipedia: “A discussion of the Dvorak layout is sometimes used as an exercise by management consultants to illustrate the difficulties of change. The Dvorak layout is often used in economics textbooks as a standard example of network effects.” In contrast, economists Stan J. Liebowitz and Stephen E. Margolis have argued that “the continued use of Qwerty is efficient given the current understanding of keyboard design.”